Introduction to Arduino Framework

Arduino is a programming framework that simplifies how microcontrollers interact with physical components like lights, sensors, and motors. Unlike traditional C++ programs that use a main() function, Arduino organizes code into two key functions: setup() and loop(). The setup() function handles initialization tasks that happen once when the device powers on, while the loop() function runs continuously, allowing the device to perform repeated actions. This structure makes it easy to create programs that respond to the environment or control hardware over time. Online simulators like Wokwi allow you to test Arduino circuits and code virtually, helping you understand how software instructions translate into physical behavior without needing actual hardware.